Blueberries grow on low creeping shrubs or tall erect bushes, depending upon variety. The small round berries can range in size from 5-16 millimeters in diameter. They first appear green, but ripen into a deep shade of dusty blue. The soft, hazy white coating that develops on the skins' surface, which is known as the bloom, is a natural waterproofing which helps protect the berries from the sun and other natural elements. Blueberries have a sweet and woodsy flavor with an acidity that can vary depending upon growing conditions. Long sunny days and warm temperatures develop a higher sugar content, while cooler temperatures and shorter days with limited sunlight increase acidity. After harvest some plants lose their leaves while other varieties retain their foliage year-round, becoming a colorful mix bronze, red and purple in the autumn.
Blueberries are available year-round with a peak season in the summer.
Blueberries are botanically classified within the Vaccinium genus, along with cranberries and lingonberries. Though there are thirteen different species of Blueberries, the two that are most commonly recognized are Vaccinium corymbosum (highbush blueberry) and Vaccinium angustifolium (lowbush blueberry). The highbush Blueberry is larger and the variety most often grown for commercial crops. Lowbush Blueberries are smaller and often synonymous with 'wild' blueberries.
Blueberries are an excellent source of antioxidants, Vitamins C and K, manganese, copper and fiber.
Commonly relegated for the usual pies and jams, Blueberries are just as appropriate in savory applications as they are in sweet dishes. They make an excellent accompaniment to duck or game hen when cooked down into a sauce with balsamic vinegar and woodsy herbs. A mixture of wild rice, dried Blueberries and mirepoix may be used in a stuffing for pork loin or poultry. Their sweetness balances well with a spicy barbecue sauce for ribs, a tangy glaze for ham or in a fruity compote over a wheel or baked brie cheese. Add Blueberries to a green salad, especially in those containing peaches, watermelon, nuts and fresh cheeses. Other complimentary flavors include, cinnamon, ginger, honey, maple syrup, nuts, oats, chocolate, lavender, thyme, rosemary and mascarpone.
